Definition
A wheeled tool used to lift and move pallets within a warehouse or loading dock. Manual pallet jacks use a hydraulic pump activated by pumping the handle, while electric (powered) pallet jacks use battery-powered motors for lifting and sometimes propulsion. Pallet jacks insert their forks into the openings between the top and bottom deck boards of a pallet. They are essential material handling equipment in virtually every warehouse and distribution facility.
Related Terms
Pallet
A flat transport structure, typically made of wood, that supports goods in a stable fashion while being lifted by a forklift, pallet jack, or other jacking device. Pallets are the foundation of modern material handling and logistics, enabling efficient storage, stacking, and transportation of goods. The most common pallet size in North America is the 48x40 inch GMA pallet.
Four-Way Entry
A pallet design that allows forklift forks or pallet jack forks to enter from all four sides. True four-way entry is achieved through block pallet construction, where blocks replace continuous stringers, creating openings on all four sides. Some stringer pallets offer partial four-way entry through notched stringers, which allow fork entry on the stringer sides. Four-way entry pallets are preferred for tight warehouse spaces and automated handling systems.
Two-Way Entry
A pallet design that allows forklift or pallet jack forks to enter from only two opposite sides, typically the sides perpendicular to the stringers. Two-way entry is characteristic of stringer pallets without notched stringers. While less versatile than four-way entry pallets, two-way entry designs are simpler and less expensive to manufacture and can be sufficient for applications where pallets are always oriented the same way.
Dynamic Load
The maximum weight a pallet can safely support while being moved by a forklift or pallet jack. Dynamic load capacity is lower than static load capacity because the pallet is subject to additional stresses from acceleration, deceleration, turning, and uneven floor surfaces during movement. A typical GMA pallet has a dynamic load capacity of 2,000 to 2,800 pounds. Dynamic load ratings are critical for transportation and material handling operations.
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